Crushing-machine.



PATENTED MAY 8, 1906 C. G. BUCHANAN. GRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 1220.11, 1903.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

HHHHHm Wm e e D 'o o @Zw @QW munzw. a. GRAHAM 00,. rnnmumunmwms wAsnmuvun, a. c

No. 819,976. PATBNTED MAY 8, 1906. C. G. BUCHANAN.

GRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.11, 1903.

2 SHEBTSSHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 8, 19.06.

Application filed December 11, 1903. I Serial No. 184,791-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES G. BUoH- ANAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crushing- Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention relates to crushing-machines, and has especial reference to various improvements in the actuating mechanism and construction generally in order to provide a machine of large capacity in proportion to its bulk and which may be easily adj usted and transported. 1

The objects of the invention are to provide improved means for adjusting the distance apart of the jaws and to simplify and improve the general construction of crushingmachines.

In the improved machine of this application I use one movable jaw operated by a single toggle and one stationary jaw and adjust both jaws by mechanism carried by the stationary jaw. By this construction the relation of the operating parts to the movable jaw is not affected bya change in distance apart of the jaws, and, furthermore, the jaws are so interconnected that the angle of inclination of the stationary jaw can be adjusted to suit practical conditions without afiecting the relation of the jaws.

Other features of advantage reside in the provision of reversible interlocking cheekplates and in an improved means for fastening the toggle-blocks inposition. The toggle-blocks are preferably reversible and interchange'able, so that both will wear out equally.

Other advantages of the invention will more fully appear hereinafter in respect to the parts and combinations thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in Which Figure 1 is a side view partly in section. Fig.2 is a top plan view. Fig. 3 is an end view seen from the right of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the manner of fastening the toggle-blocks. Fig. 5 is an end view, and Figs. 6 and 7 are corresponding views of a modification.

1 represents the supporting-frame composed of plate or cast material and having sufiicient rigidity to support the operative parts.

The frame is adapted to be attached to a suitable base 2 by bolts 3. Suitably mounted in bearings 4 on the side plates 1 of the frame is a driving-shaft 5, carrying at each end fly-wheels 6. One of the fly-wheels may carry a driving-pulley 7. The shaft 5 carries on its central portion an eccentric 8,

which actuates a pitman 9, working in the usual bushings 10 10, the lower one being adjustable to compensate for wear. The pitman has two oil-reservoirs 11 and 12, adapted to contain waste. The upper reservoir 12 may have two compartments each provided with an oil-hole 19, leading to the upper bearing 10. The reservoir 12 is closed by a lid 13, having a surrounding flange 14 and held in place by a spring 15 on a bolt 16, which is tapped into the end of the pitman. It is found in practice that unless the cover ofthe oil-reservoir is positively held in place it soon becomes displaced by the vibration and allows grit and dust to get into the bearings. By providing the flange 14 and the spring 15 to hold the cover yieldingly in place this result is avoided. The cover may have handles 17 at its ends by which it may be lifted and turned crosswise and retained in that position when access is desired to the reservoir.

20 20 represent jaw-standards composed, preferably, of cast-steel and bolted between ugs 21 21 of the frame, so as to be rigidly fixed in position. Mounted in the jawstandards are transverse shafts 22 23, on which are pivotally mounted the fixed and movable jaws, respectively. Theshaft 23 is located higher than the shaft 22, so as to allow the movable jaw to swing on a longer are. This is done in order to reduce the tendency to lift the material out without crushing, as happens where the movable jaw swings on too short an are- Detachably secured in any usual manner to the crusher-j aws are the interchangeable face-plates 26. The lower end of the fixed jaw 24 is bored out to receive a shaft 27, having an eccentric middle portion 28. The jaw-bearing for eccentric-shaft 28 is split along one side, as at 29, and is provided with lugs 30, carrying clamping-bolts 31 for clamping the shaft against rotation in the jaw. By tightening the bolts 31 the eccentric can be clamped immovably in the jaw 24. Attached to the bottom of the jaw are lugs 32, between which and the frame adjusting liners or washers 33 are clamped by bolts 34. The liners are preferably U-shaped and of varying thickness. 36 36 are side links connecting the shaft 27 with a shaft 37, carried in the lower end of the pitman 9. It will thus be seen that the lower end of the pitman carrying the shaft 37 will move up and down in the arc of a circle whose center is the shaft 27.

In order to adjust the angle of the fixed jaw 24, the requisite number of liners are hung on the bolts 34 and the nut tightened to bring the jaw against the frame. The eccentric on the shaft 27 is then turned by means of the squared ends 35 until the desired dis,

tance apart of the jaws is secured. After the bolts 34 are set further adjustment is obtained by turning shaft 27 and its attached eccentric 28 to shift the lower end of the movable jaw through the links 36, the pitman 9, and the toggle 43. This construction prevents any shock from being transmitted to the frame from the fixed jaw and instead causes the shock to be taken up by links 36. In other words, the fixed jaw is merely steadied by clamping to the frame, and the shock that otherwise would go to the frame is taken up by the heavy side links. Where more adjustment is desired than the eccentric can give, a toggle of different length can be sub stituted.

The movable jaw, as has been before stated, is pivoted to swing on the shaft 23. At the lower end it has a transverse channeled rib 40, in which a reversible togglebear'ing block 41 is mounted. The block has grooves 42, in which the end of the toggle 43 rests. A. similar interchangeable bearingblock is mounted in the lower end of the pit man 9, and a description of the mounting of one block will suffice for both. Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, it will be seen that the block 41 is rectangular in cross-section. 44 repre sents a wedge, having a tongue 45 registering with a groove 46 in the toggle-block. The largest portion of the wedge is at the bottom, and the channel is enlarged, as at 47, so that the parts can be assembled. In assembling the wedge 44 will first be placed in the bottom of the recess 47, which will be sufliciently deep so that the block 46 can be inserted. After the block 41 has been inserted the wedge will be forced outward by a screw 48, which will cause the block to be held firmly in position. 49 is a lock-nut provided to lock the screw 48 in position. In Figs. 6 and 7 a modified construction is shown, which is substantially the same except that the wedge has no tongue and is of slightly difierent cross-section. The lower end of thejaw'25 has a lug 50, through which a rod 51 passes, carrying on its other end a spring 52, bearing against the frame. The tension may be adjusted by nuts 53, so as to hold the toggle 43 in engagement with the blocks 41.

As the shaft 5 rotates the eccentric 3 will cause the pitman to reciprocate vertically. The lower end of the pitman will swing on the arc of a circle whose center is the center of the shaft 27. This vertical movement of the pitman will oscillate the toggle-lever 43, and thereby operate the movable jaw 25.

Another feature of the invention resides in the use of reversible interlocking cheekplates. These cheek-plates are carried on the frame at each side of the jaws and are spaced slightly therefrom.

54 represents grooved lugs, which are cast on the inside of the frame and in which corresponding tongues on the cheek-plates 55 fit.

Similar lugs are provided lower down for the lower cheek-plate 56. One of the cheekplates contains a dovetail 57, which registers with a correspondingly-shaped notch 58 in the other cheek-plate. When one portion of the cheek-plate is worn, it can be taken out and turned around, so as to permit even wear on the whole plate. As both sides of the plate are alike, this gives each cheek-plate practically four times the life that a fixed non-reversible cheek-plate would have. It will be observed that the lower cheek-plate is of difierent size on account of the incline of the jaws.

It will be seen that I have dispensed with the use of a double toggle, a bearing-plate, and fixed tension-rods and that the parts are so related that the strain falls upon the awstandards and the side links instead of upon the frame. The mechanical leverage will also be increased and the weight decreased. Another important feature is the adjustment of the jaws whereby the fixed jaw can be varied by means of the liners and whereby the movable jaw can be adjusted toward and from the fixed jaw without disarranging the operating mechanism. Both of these adjustments are controlled by the fixed jaw, and yet each can be made independently of the other or in conjunction, as desired.

I make no claim herein, broadly, to the combination of a stationary and a reciprocating crushing-jaw, a pitman, swinging links having a jointed connection with the pitman and arranged to swing about an axis forward of the stationary jaw, and an adjustable eccentric device comprising a bearing forward of the stationary crushing-jaw having a rotatively-adjustable shaft upon which the swinging links are hung, and an eccentric portion engaging the said bearing, such combination being the prior invention of another.

I do not limit myself to the precise construction which I have described, as modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, I declare that what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a crushing-machine, the combination of a movable and a fixed jaw, each mounted at one end, the opposite end of the movable jaw having actuating connections, and that upper ends of the fixed jaw having an eccentric, means for locking the eccentric to the jaw and the jaw to the frame, and connections between said eccentric and said movable jaw, substantially as described.

2. In a crushing-machine, the combination of a movable jaw, a toggle o crating said jaw, a reversible toggle-block aving opposite bearing-surfaces, a wedge having a tongue adapted to interlock with the toggle-block and prevent its displacement, and means for forcing said wedge outwardly to fasten the toggle-block, substantially as described.

3. In a crushing-machine, the combination of a movable and a fixed jaw pivoted at their in the frame, a toggle for actuating the movable jaw, an eccentric-shaft having a bearing in the lower end of the fixed jaw, means for clamping the aw to the frame, and means whereby the movable jaw is moved toward and from the fixed jaw by turning said eccentric-shaft, substantially as described.

4. In a crushing-machine, the combination of a movable jaw, a toggle operating said jaw, a reversible toggle-block having bearingsurfaces on a plurality of its faces, and a wedge for fastening said toggle-block to the jaw, substantially as described.

5. In a crushing-machine, a movable jaw, a toggle operating said jaw, a reversible toggle-block, a wedge having a tongue interlocking with the toggle-block, and means for forcing said wedge outwardly, substantially as described.

6. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a toggle, of a pitman or jaw having a channel therein, a toggle bearing-block adapted to fit in said channel, a wedge adapted to fit in said channel to retain the toggle-block, means whereby the wedge cannot be removed without first removing the toggleblock, and means for forcing the wedge outwardly from the channel for clamping the tog le-block in position, substantially as descri ed.

7. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a movable jaw having a channel in the end portion thereof, of a toggle and operating means therefor, a toggle-block carried in said channel, and a wedge for retaining said block in position, said wedge fitting a groove in the toggle-block and having a screw whereby it may be forced outward to hold the toggle-block in position, substantially as described.

8. In a crushing-machine, the combination with rigid jaw-standards, of a movable and a fixed jaw carried by said jaw-standards, a pitman and a single toggle for operating said movable jaw, an eccentric-shaft carried by said fixed jaw, means for locking the eccentric, and side links connecting the pitman and the ends of the eccentric-shaft, substantially as described.

9. In a crushing-machine, the combination with rigid jaw-standards, of a movable and a fixed jaw carried by said jaw-standards, a pitman and a single toggle for operating said movable aw, an eccentric-shaft carried by said fixed jaw, means for locking the eccentric, means for locking the jaw to the frame, and side links connecting the pitman and the ends of the eccentric-shaft, substantially as described.

10. In a crushing-machine, the combination with rigid jaw-standards, of a movable and a fixed jaw mounted on pivots in said jaw-standards, a pitman and a single toggle for operating said movable jaw, side links connecting the pitman and the fixed jaw, means carried by the fixed jaw for adjusting the distance between the jaws, without varying the inclination of the movable jaw, substantially as described.

11. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a movable and a pivotally-mounted fixed jaw, of means for operating the movable jaw, and means on the fixed jaw connected with the operating means of the movable jaw for adjusting the distance between the jaws, whereby the inclination of one jaw may be adjusted without affecting that of the other, substantially as described.

12. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a movable and a fixed jaw, of a toggle and pitman for operating the movable jaw, side links connecting the toggle and the fixed jaw, and means for adjusting the inclination of one jaw independently of that of the movable jaw, substantially as described.

13. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a movable and a fixed jaw, of means for operating the movable jaw, and means carried by the fixed jaw for adjusting the movable jaw toward and from the fixed j aw, substantially as described.

14. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a movable and a fixed jaw, of a toggle and pitman operating the movable jaw, an eccentric-shaft in said fixed jaw, and side links connecting said shaft and the pitman to adjust the distance apart of the jaws, and means for locking the shaft in adjusted position, substantially as described.

15. In a crushing-machine having a movable jaw actuated by a toggle and pitman, the pitman being connected to the fixed jaw by side links, means for adjusting one jaw toward or away from the other, without necessarily varying the inclination of the other jaw, substantially as described.

16. In a crushing-machine, the combination of a movable jaw, a toggle operating said jaw, a toggle-block having a plurality of bearing-surfaces carried by said jaw, a recess in said jaw, a wedge adapted to go in said recess, and means for forcing said wedgeoutwardly to lock the toggle-block in position, substantially as described.

17. In a crushing-machine, the combination with a pair of jaws, of superposed cheekplates for each side, each set of cheek-plates being reversible, and adapted to be turned end for end, and having means interlocking 5 with the other plate, the lower plate being smaller than the upper plate, substantially as described In testimony whereof I afiEiX my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES G. BUCHANAN.

Witnesses:

JULIAN S. WoosTER, L. K. SAGER. I 

